Accelerating the Migration to the Post-Quantum Era

The promise of quantum computing brings an unprecedented paradox. While it will unlock revolutionary breakthroughs in science, materials discovery and medicine, it simultaneously poses an existential threat to the mathematical foundations of modern cybersecurity.

For decades, the global economy has relied on public key cryptography to safeguard everything from personal privacy to national security. This cryptography is built on mathematical problems that are computationally infeasible for classical computers to solve but that quantum computers can solve efficiently, rendering today’s cryptographic protocols obsolete.

Using Shor’s algorithm, a sufficiently powerful quantum computer could factor the large prime numbers that underpin public key cryptography, in minutes. These are tasks that would take today’s most advanced supercomputers a millennium to crack. This capability would effectively turn our strongest digital defenses into open doors, creating a period of vulnerability leading up to Q-Day – the day today’s encryption is broken.

The Migration Crisis: Why Traditional Strategies Fail

For CISOs and technical leaders, the transition to post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is not a simple patch-and-deploy exercise. It is a multiyear transformation that requires updating cryptography across every device, application, certificate and infrastructure component in the enterprise.

Most enterprises today are constrained by cryptographic debt – years of accumulated, undocumented and deprecated encryption protocols buried deep within legacy applications, third-party software libraries and unmanaged IoT devices. This creates a vast and largely invisible attack surface that traditional vulnerability scanners were never designed to detect.

The challenge is compounded by the absence of a unified source of truth. Existing tools offer a fragmented "outside-in" view of the environment. They may identify devices on the network, but they lack visibility into cryptographic libraries embedded within live traffic. Without a real-time Cryptographic Bill of Materials (CBOM), security teams are forced to rely on manual, point-in-time audits that become outdated almost immediately. Spreadsheets cannot scale to this problem.

This visibility gap makes it impossible to prioritize remediation, leaving sensitive data exposed to harvest now, decrypt later (HNDL) attacks. In these attacks, adversaries intercept and store encrypted data today with the intent of unlocking it once quantum computing capabilities mature.

Operationally, traditional migration approaches are equally unworthy. Manually updating cryptography across thousands of global endpoints and branch offices often requires disruptive rip and replace strategies that threaten uptime and demand specialized expertise that is in extremely short supply. Organizations need a way to bridge today’s classical infrastructure with a quantum-resilient future without disrupting business operations or exhausting IT resources.

At Palo Alto Networks, we believe global enterprises cannot afford to wait. Our new Quantum-Safe Security solution is designed to remove these operational roadblocks by making cryptographic discovery, risk assessment and transition both continuous and actionable. We empower enterprises to gain real-time visibility into cryptographic risk and begin building agentic resilience at enterprise scale by integrating with existing security and infrastructure systems, including security information and event management (SIEM), load balancers, endpoint detection and response (EDR), as well as Application Vulnerability Management (AVM) tools.

The Four Stages of Cryptographic Inventory & Remediation

Palo Alto Networks Quantum-Safe Security is built around four foundational stages.

1. Continuous Discovery through Ecosystem Ingestion

Visibility is the first line of defense, but in a complex enterprise, true visibility requires more than a periodic scan. It requires continuous, high-fidelity ingestion of cryptographic intelligence across the environment.

Our solution acts as a central nervous system for your cryptographic posture, ingesting telemetry and logs directly from PAN-OS NGFW and Prisma® Access, enriched with data from a broad ecosystem of third-party security solutions, simplifying Day 0 onboarding. By leveraging your existing network infrastructure as sensors, we provide a comprehensive view of the cryptographic behavior of all assets without the operational friction of deploying new software.

To eliminate blind spots, we go beyond our own telemetry to ingest critical information from your existing systems you rely on. This includes syncing with configuration management database (CMDB) and asset management platforms to align cryptographic data with business inventories, integrating with EDR and access control solutions to monitor endpoint behavior, and aggregating data from network clouds and log platforms. The result is a unified intelligence layer that reflects how cryptography is actually used across the enterprise.

By synthesizing these data streams, we deliver a multidimensional view of cryptographic exposure:

• Discovery – Identification of every application, user device, infrastructure component and IoT device.
• Behavior – Analysis of traffic metadata, including protocols, key exchange mechanisms, encryption algorithms, hashes, certificates and tunnels.
• Context – Precise attribution of hardware models, cryptographic libraries (such as deprecated OpenSSL versions), and browser versions in use.

2. Risk Assessment & Prioritization

Not all data is created equal, and a successful migration requires a surgical focus on where the exposure is most acute. Our Quantum Safe Security solution quantifies risk by correlating cryptographic strength with business criticality, providing a clear, prioritized view of current risk and where remediation matters most.

Assets are categorized into strategic zones, starting with immediate exposure risks caused by deprecated protocols that are vulnerable to classical exploitation today. From there, the solution addresses long-term harvest now, decrypt later threats. As threat models evolve, the risk engine is designed to expand to emerging vectors like identity and authentication integrity, anticipating risks such as “Trust Now, Forge Later" attacks that could undermine digital trust at scale.

At the same time, the solution validates and tracks quantum-secure assets that have successfully transitioned to post-quantum or hybrid-PQC algorithms. By correlating this intelligence with business criticality and data shelf-life, security leaders can make informed decisions. For example, a crown jewel asset containing data that must remain confidential for a decade or more, is flagged as a high HNDL risk today and elevated to the top of the migration queue.

3. Comprehensive Remediation

Moving from a vulnerable state to quantum resilience is a structured journey. Our comprehensive remediation framework guides organizations through three critical stages, supported by automated workflows and prioritized recommendations at every step.

• Current State to Quantum Ready: The first stage focuses on infrastructure modernization. Using continuous discovery insights, the solution provides hardware and software recommendations required to support next-generation cryptographic protocols. An asset reaches a Quantum Ready state once it has the underlying hardware and OS capabilities to support post-quantum algorithms, even if those protocols are not yet activated.
• Quantum Ready to Quantum-Safe: Transitioning to a Quantum-safe state requires activation and configuration of post-quantum defenses. Our solution provides data configuration and certificate compliance guidance to enable PQC/Hybrid-PQC algorithms to be correctly implemented across the estate.
• Virtual Patching via Cipher Translation: For all current and especially legacy systems or IoT devices that cannot be upgraded, we provide an accelerated path to quantum-safety. Through Cipher Translation, the infrastructure acts as a proxy, providing agentic remediation that reencrypts vulnerable traffic into quantum-safe standards (such as ML-KEM) in real-time at the network edge. This approach instantly moves legacy assets from a high-risk current state to a Quantum-safe posture without a single line of code change.

4. Governance: Continuous Crypto-Hygiene & Global Compliance

Quantum readiness is not a one-time event; it is a strategic enterprise transformation that requires continuous oversight to prevent the re-emergence of vulnerabilities. Our governance framework provides the guardrails for your migration through two critical layers of management:

Continuous Crypto-Hygiene & Ongoing Management: Maintaining high-fidelity visibility is essential to preventing the accumulation of "crypto-debt." Our solution automates real-time mapping of all cryptographic dependencies, ensuring your CBOM remains dynamic and accurate as your environment evolves. Furthermore, we introduce Active Drift Detection, which automatically detects and can even block the use of weak or noncompliant ciphers in real-time, preventing developers or third-party services from accidentally introducing insecure protocols.

Global Crypto-Compliance Enforcement & Reporting: As regulatory pressure from governments (like the US Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite 2.0) mounts, organizations must demonstrate measurable progress. Our solution will provide Automated Framework Auditing, offering continuous, native mapping of your environment against global standards, including NIST, FIPS 140-3, and DORA.

Architecting a Quantum-Resilient Enterprise

The transition to quantum-safe security is far more than a technical upgrade. It represents a fundamental shift in how organizations protect the longevity and integrity of their digital assets. Achieving quantum resilience is a multiyear effort that requires both advanced technology and strategic partnership.

That's why Palo Alto Networks has established Integrated Quantum Practices, bringing together technology, partners and professional services to help organizations navigate the complexity of this transition with confidence. By combining deep cryptographic visibility with intelligent, agentic remediation, organizations can systematically retire their cryptographic debt and build resilience into their security architecture over time.

This proactive approach does more than mitigate emerging risk. It establishes a foundation of digital trust that is resilient against the threats of tomorrow, enabling your most sensitive intellectual property to remain secure for its entire shelf life, even as cryptographic standards evolve.

Secure Your First-Mover Advantage: The Quantum Readiness Assessment

Don’t let the complexity of the quantum transition stall your organization’s progress. Begin your path to resilience with a Quantum Readiness Assessment, a focused engagement to clarify current exposure and identify the most critical areas for action. To go deeper, watch the Quantum-Safe Summit on demand for expert perspectives on cryptographic risk and quantum readiness.

The Palo Alto Networks Quantum-Safe Security solution is expected to be generally available to customers on January 30, 2026, with additional integration enhancements planned for April 2026.

Forward-Looking Statements

This blog contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including, without limitation, statements regarding the benefits, impact or performance or potential benefits, impact or performance of our products and technologies or future products and technologies. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, and there are a significant number of factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from statements made in this [blog. We identify certain important risks and uncertainties that could affect our results and performance in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and our other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission from time-to-time, each of which are available on our website at investors.paloaltonetworks.com and on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. All forward-looking statements in this blog are based on information available to us as of the date hereof, and we do not assume any obligation to update the forward-looking statements provided to reflect events that occur or circumstances that exist after the date on which they were made.

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Quantum computers are coming, with a potential computing power almost beyond comprehension.

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AI has introduced a transformative era in scientific discovery. In the hands of researchers, innovators, and startups, it is accelerating breakthroughs from advancing medical research to powering new manufacturing capabilities and energy transitions.  

For Microsoft, the real promise of AI emerges when we bring our powerful tools together with problem solvers in local communities. For the past eight years, Microsoft has been sharing knowledge and collaborating with communities to unlock opportunity through Microsoft TechSpark, an economic development, skilling, and community-building program across the US. Since its inception, TechSpark has helped create more than 4,500 jobs and contributed more than $700 million in community funding to support local initiatives. 

Today, we’re announcing a new milestone in our TechSpark program: a pioneering partnership with leading innovation centers—TitletownTech, in partnership with the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and the New Jersey (NJ) AI Hub, in partnership with Princeton University. Together, we’re launching a new model for scientific collaboration that combines the agility of a startup, the expertise of a university, and the technology of a global company.  

Through this partnership, Microsoft will provide the Microsoft Discovery platform to TitletownTech and NJ AI Hub and access to the latest advancements in AI and high-performance computing that promise to accelerate scientific discovery. We believe this kind of alliance is essential to ensure that breakthroughs in science and solutions to global challenges are not confined to a few but shared broadly for the benefit of all.

A new model for scientific discovery 

Researchers and innovators from these organizations will have an opportunity to access Microsoft Discovery, an advanced agentic AI platform designed to accelerate scientific breakthroughs. They will also benefit from the expertise of the Microsoft Discovery and Quantum team, under the leadership of Jason Zander. Currently available only in private preview, this opportunity enables researchers to leverage state-of-the-art AI and high-performance computing to collaborate with a team of specialized AI agents combined with a graph-based knowledge engine to drive scientific outcomes with speed, scale, and accuracy. 

Through Microsoft Discovery, researchers can speed up scientific discovery by analyzing vast amounts of data, simulating experiments, and uncovering new materials and solutions more efficiently. The platform facilitates effective collaboration, bringing together teams of specialized AI agents and human experts for continuous, iterative investigation. This dynamic environment helps organizations refine their knowledge, learn from their results, and innovate in ways that were previously unimaginable. 

What makes this partnership unique is its focus on real breakthroughs in chemistry, life sciences, advanced manufacturing, and AI-driven innovation. Building on years of TechSpark collaboration, this initiative is not just another corporate research and development center or a one-off research grant. Instead, we are creating a shared undertaking, deeply rooted in engagement with local communities and aligned around the promise of AI. By blending the strengths of top research universities with the cutting-edge infrastructure of the NJ AI Hub and TitletownTech Labs and Microsoft’s role as an industry convener, we hope to set the stage for transformative progress. 

Collaborating for real-world impact 

While we are still in the early days of what’s possible, we are dedicated to discovering what can be achieved when our institutions work together to accelerate science and innovation.  

This technology could be a game-changer for environmental challenges like plastic waste. For example, Microsoft Discovery can enable modeling of complex chemical reactions, unlocking new pathways for catalyst design in recycling systems. This would enable more efficient, selective, and controlled recycling processes, fewer costly lab experiments, and faster innovation. In the future, advances like these could empower researchers to turn plastic waste into valuable resources. 

In Microsoft’s own labs, the integration of high-performance computing and AI into Microsoft Discovery is already unlocking new scenarios. For instance, our researchers used Discovery’s advanced AI systems and HPC capabilities to discover a novel sustainable coolant prototype for datacenter immersion cooling—moving from digital discovery to synthesis in just four months. 

Looking ahead 

We are putting the Microsoft Discovery platform into the hands of innovators, like those at TitletownTech and the NJ AI Hub, to fuel innovation and demonstrate real-world impact. 

In the coming weeks, we will work to enable access to Microsoft Discovery for these labs under the private preview, and as we roll out the Discovery platform availability to the public, we will continue to work with these partners and other researchers and universities to ensure we expand opportunity for scientific discovery through AI.  

It’s only with a strong ecosystem that we’ll be able to realize the full potential of Microsoft Discovery, and it’s why we’re working with these partners and others to bring first-party advancements together with leading industry tools and domain expertise. 

With this new chapter for our TechSpark partners, we reaffirm our commitment to championing innovation and discovery alongside the brilliant local innovators across Wisconsin and New Jersey. Together, we look forward to shaping the future of science for everyone.

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